La vie facile à utiliser

Pamyat': 28 oktyabrya / 10 noyabrya

 

 

Svyataya muchenitsa Paraskeva, narechennaya Pyatnitseyu, zhila v III veke v Ikonii v bogatoy i blagochestivoy sem'ye. Roditeli svyatoy osobenno pochitali den' stradaniy Gospodnikh - pyatnitsu, poetomu i nazvali doch', rodivshuyusya v etot den', Paraskevoyu, chto v perevode s grecheskogo i oznachayet - Pyatnitsa. Vsem serdtsem vozlyubila yunaya Paraskeva chistotu i vysokuyu nravstvennost' devstvennoy zhizni i dala obet bezbrachiya. Ona zakhotela posvyatit' vsyu svoyu zhizn' Bogu i prosveshcheniyu yazychnikov svetom very Khristovoy. Na etom pravednom puti suzhdeno bylo Paraskeve, nosivshey v imeni svoyem pamyat' o dne velikikh Strastey Iisusovykh, priobshchit'sya i v zhizni Strastyam Khristovym cherez telesnyye muki. Za ispovedaniye pravoslavnoy very ozlobivshiyesya yazychniki skhvatili yeye i priveli k gorodskomu vlastitelyu. Zdes' yey predlozhili prinesti bogomerzkuyu zhertvu yazycheskomu idolu.

 

Mucheniye sv. Paraskevy ognom. Kleymo zhitiynoy ikony

 

S tverdym serdtsem, upovaya na Boga, otvergla prepodobnaya eto predlozheniye. Za eto ona preterpela velikiye mucheniya: privyazav yeye k derevu, muchiteli terzali yeye chistoye telo zheleznymi gvozdyami, a zatem, ustav ot muchitel'stva, vsyu iz"yazvlennuyu do kostey, brosili v temnitsu. No Bog ne ostavil svyatuyu stradalitsu i chudesno istselil yeye isterzannoye telo. Ne vrazumivshis' etim Bozhestvennym znameniyem, palachi prodolzhali muchit' Paraskevu i, nakonets, otsekli yey golovu.

Grecheskaya ikona useknoveniya glavy sv. Paraskevy Rimskoy

(Mikhail Damaskin, XVI vek)

 

Svyataya Paraskeva Pyatnitsa vsegda pol'zovalas' u pravoslavnogo naroda osoboy lyubov'yu i pochitaniyem. S yeye pamyat'yu soyedinyayetsya mnozhestvo blagochestivykh obychayev i obryadov. V drevnikh russkikh mesyatseslovakh i svyattsakh imya muchenitsy pishetsya tak: "Svyataya Paraskeva, narechennaya Pyatnitsa". Khramy vo imya svyatoy Paraskevy nazyvalis' v drevnosti Pyatnitsami. Naimenovaniye Pyatnits poluchali v starinu na Rusi nebol'shiye pridorozhnyye chasovni. Prostoy russkiy narod nazyval muchenitsu Paraskevu Pyatnitsey, Pyatinoy, Petkoy. Ikony svyatoy Paraskevy osobenno pochitalis' i ukrashalis' nashimi predkami. Russkiye ikonopistsy obyknovenno izobrazhali muchenitsu surovoy podvizhnitsey, vysokogo rosta, s luchezarnym venkom na golove. Ikony svyatoy muchenitsy okhranyayut semeynoye blagopoluchiye i schast'ye.

Yey zhe molyatsya o pokrovitel'stve semeynomu ochagu; v supruzheskom besplodii; o dostoynykh zhenikhakh.

 

 

Lichnoye prosheniye svyatoy muchenitse Paraskeve Pyatnitse

 

O, svyataya i preblazhennaya muchenitse Khristova Paraskevo! Svyatymi tvoimi molitvami budi pomoshchnitsa nam greshnym (imena), khodataystvuy, da tvoimi molitvami spodobimsya (soderzhaniye prosheniya), i kupno s toboyu da slavoslovim i vospevayem Ottsa i Syna i Svyatago Dukha, nyne i prisno i vo veki vekov. Amin'.

 

Po tserkovnomu verovaniyu, svyataya Paraskeva - pokrovitel'nitsa poley i skota. Poetomu v den' yeye pamyati prinyato prinosit' v tserkov' dlya osveshcheniya plody, kotoryye khranyatsya potom kak svyatynya do sleduyushchego goda. Krome togo, svyatoy Paraskeve molyatsya o sokhranenii skota ot padezha. Svyataya muchenika - tselitel'nitsa lyudey ot samykh tyazhelykh dushevnykh i telesnykh nedugov.

Ona okhranyala semeynoye blagopoluchiye i schast'ye, pokrovitel'stvovala torgovle (otsyuda izvestnyye v prezhniye vremena pyatnitskiye yarmarki), schitalas' pokrovitel'nitsey vody: yeye obraz neredko chudesno yavlyalsya na reke ili v kolodtse, posle chego voda priobretala tselebnuyu silu. Dazhe seychas yeshche stavyat ikonu Paraskevy pri istochnikakh, nad klyuchami i kolodtsami.

 

Odalisque with Magnolia, 1923-1924